FolkWorld #73 11/2020
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75 Years of Bluegrass

John Hartford: On The Road

Long live John Hartford. LoHi Records honors his musical legacy with a tribute album: “Everyday it’s your turn, another verse to be earned. It’s a road, no big turn, won’t get home much this year.”

On The Road: A Tribute To John Hartford
The late John Hartford was a brilliant songwriter (his country-pop hymn “Gentle On My Mind” is regarded as a standard in the Great American Songbook), interpreting old-time and early bluegrass as well as pioneering newgrass and connecting the hippies and the hilbillies. LoHi Records honors Hartford’s legacy with On The Road: A Tribute To John Hartford. The album features 14 reworkings of Hartford originals from some of the preeminent artists in the Americana genre. All proceeds benefit MusiCares that offers critical assistance to musicians in times of crisis and need. Says Vince Herman of Leftover Salmon: “I hope we all are feeling that we’re all in the same boat, and we either sink or swim together.” Mind you, Hartford grew up along the banks of the Mississippi River, where he worked a steamboat in his youth, It would have become a career, Hartford once said, had the imprint of the roustabout minstrel within been any less strong.

Track Listing: Sam Bush “On The Road” | Fruition “Back In The Goodle Days” | Yonder Mountain String Band “Holding” | The Infamous String Dusters “Gentle On My Mind” | Leftover Salmon “The Category Stomp” | The Travelin’ McCourys – “No End Of Love” | Railroad Earth “Delta Queen Waltz” | Keller Williams “Granny Woncha Smoke Some Marijuana” | The Band Of Heathens “Up On The Hill Where They Do The Boogie” | Todd Snider “I Wish I Had Our Time Again” | Horseshoes & Hand Grenades “Let Him Go On Mama” | John Carter Cash & Jamie Hartford (Feat. Norman Blake & Jerry Douglas) “In Tall Buildings” | The High Hawks “Waugh Paugh” | Greg Garrison “Tear Down The Grand Ole Opry” | Danny Barnes “On The Road”

Various Artists "On The Road: A Tribute To John Hartford", Lo Hi Records, 2020

Artist Video
www.hartfordtribute.com

John Cowan Hartford (December 30, 1937 – June 4, 2001) was an American folk, country, and bluegrass composer and musician known for his mastery of the fiddle and banjo, as well as for his witty lyrics, unique vocal style, and extensive knowledge of Mississippi River lore. His most successful song is "Gentle on My Mind", which won three Grammy Awards and was listed in "BMI's Top 100 Songs of the Century". Hartford performed with a variety of ensembles throughout his career, and is perhaps best known for his solo performances where he would interchange the guitar, banjo, and fiddle from song to song. He also invented his own shuffle tap dance move, and clogged on an amplified piece of plywood while he played and sang.

Life

Harford (changed his name to Hartford later in life at the behest of Chet Atkins) was born on December 30, 1937, in New York City to parents Carl and Mary Harford. He spent his childhood in St. Louis, Missouri, where he was exposed to the influence that shaped much of his career and music: the Mississippi River. From the time he got his first job on the river, at age 16, Hartford was on, around, or singing about the river.

John Hartford

Artist Video John Hartford @ FROG

www.johnhartford.com

His early musical influences came from the broadcasts of the Grand Ole Opry, and included Earl Scruggs, nominal inventor of the three-finger bluegrass style of banjo playing. Hartford said often that the first time he heard Earl Scruggs pick the banjo changed his life. By age 13, Hartford was an accomplished old-time fiddler and banjo player, and he soon learned to play guitar and mandolin as well. Hartford formed his first bluegrass band while attending John Burroughs School, a local private high school.

After high school, he enrolled at Washington University in St. Louis, completed four years of a commercial arts program and dropped out to focus on music; however, he did receive a degree in 1960. He immersed himself in the local music scene, working as a DJ, playing in bands, and occasionally recording singles for local labels. In 1965, he moved to Nashville, Tennessee, the center of the country music industry. In 1966, he signed with RCA Victor and produced his first album, Looks at Life, in the same year.

In 1967, Hartford's second album Earthwords & Music spawned his first major songwriting hit, "Gentle on My Mind". His recording of the song was only a modest success, but it caught the notice of Glen Campbell, who recorded his own version, which gave the song much wider publication. At the 1968 Grammys, the song netted four awards, two of which went to Hartford. It became one of the most widely recorded country songs of all time, and the royalties it brought in allowed Hartford great financial independence; Hartford later said that the song bought his freedom.

As his popularity grew, he moved to the West Coast, where he became a regular on the Smothers Brothers Comedy Hour; other television appearances followed, as did recording appearances with several major country artists. Hartford played banjo and sang the vocal harmonies on the Guthrie Thomas song, "I'll be Lucky". He also played with The Byrds on their album Sweetheart of the Rodeo.

His success on the Smothers Brothers series was enough that Hartford was offered the lead role in a TV detective series but he turned it down to move back to Nashville and concentrate on music. He also was a regular on The Glen Campbell Goodtime Hour (the banjo picker who would stand up from his seat in the audience to begin the theme music) and The Johnny Cash Show.

In live performances, John Hartford was a true one-man band; he used several stringed instruments and a variety of props such as plywood squares and boards with sand and gravel for flatfoot dancing.

Newgrass

Hartford recorded four more albums for RCA from 1968 to 1970: The Love Album, Housing Project, John Hartford, and Iron Mountain Depot. In 1971, he moved to Warner Bros. Records, where he was given more freedom to record in his untraditional style, fronting a band that included Vassar Clements, Tut Taylor, and Norman Blake. He recorded several albums that set the tone of his later career, including Aereo-Plain and Morning Bugle. Sam Bush said, "Without Aereo-Plain (and the Aereo-Plain band), there would be no newgrass music."

He switched to the Flying Fish label several years later, and continued to experiment with nontraditional country and bluegrass styles. Among his recordings were two albums in 1977 and 1980 with Doug and Rodney Dillard from The Dillards, with Sam Bush as a backing musician and featuring a diversity of songs that included "Boogie On Reggae Woman" and "Yakety Yak". Hartford's Grammy-winning Mark Twang features Hartford playing solo, reminiscent of his live solo performances playing the fiddle, guitar, banjo, and amplified plywood for tapping his feet. At the same time, he developed a stage show, which toured in various forms from the mid-1970s until shortly before his death.

John Hartford

Hartford changed recording labels several more times during his career; in 1991, he inaugurated his own Small Dog a'Barkin' label. Later in the 1990s, he switched again to Rounder Records. He recorded a number of idiosyncratic records on Rounder, many of which recalled earlier forms of folk and country music. Among them was the 1999 album Retrograss recorded with Mike Seeger and David Grisman, with bluegrass versions of "(Sittin' on) the Dock of the Bay", "Maybellene", "When I'm Sixty-Four", and "Maggie's Farm".

John Hartford

He recorded several songs for the soundtrack to the movie O Brother, Where Art Thou, winning another Grammy for his performance. He made his final tour in 2001 with the Down from the Mountain tour that grew out of that movie and its accompanying album. While performing in Texas in April, he found that he could no longer control his hands due to non-Hodgkin lymphoma, which ended his life two months later.

Hartford is considered a co-founder of the newgrass movement, although he remained deeply attached to traditional music, as well. His last band and last few albums reflect his love for pre-bluegrass old-time music.

Steamboating

The culture of the Mississippi River and its steamboats captivated Hartford from an early age. He said that it would have been his life's work "but music got in the way", so he intertwined them whenever possible. In the '70s, Hartford earned his steamboat pilot's license, which he used to keep close to the river he loved; for many years, he worked as a pilot on the steamboat Julia Belle Swain during the summers. He also worked as a towboat pilot on the Mississippi, Illinois, and Tennessee Rivers.

During his later years, he came back to the river every summer. "Working as a pilot is a labor of love", he said. "After a while, it becomes a metaphor for a whole lot of things, and I find for some mysterious reason that if I stay in touch with it, things seem to work out all right". His home in Madison, Tennessee, was situated on a bend of the Cumberland River and built to simulate the view from a steamboat deck. He used to talk to the boat captains by radio as their barges crawled along the river. That bend of the Cumberland River, known as "Hartford's Bend" or "John Hartford Point," is denoted on official navigational charts with the "John Hartford Light".

John Hartford

An accomplished fiddler and banjo player, Hartford was simultaneously an innovative voice on the country scene and a reminder of a vanished era. Along with his own compositions, such as "Long Hot Summer Days" and "Kentucky Pool", Hartford was a repository of old river songs, calls, and stories. Hartford was also the author of Steamboat in a Cornfield, a children's book that recounts the true story of the Ohio River steamboat The Virginia and its beaching in a cornfield.

Final years and legacy

From the 1980s onwards, Hartford had non-Hodgkin lymphoma. He died of the disease at Centennial Medical Center in Nashville, on June 4, 2001, at age 63. Brandon Ray Kirk and he co-authored a biography of blind fiddler Ed Haley. Hartford's album The Speed of the Old Longbow is a collection of Haley's tunes. Writer and arts administrator Art Menius profiled Hartford in the Academia journal article, "John Hartford as I Knew Him," saying "John connected not just words to music, but the old days of Nashville to its present, tradition to innovation, new grass to bluegrass to old-time, television to radio, river to shore, aging musicians to hippies. Goethe may have been the last person to know everything worth knowing, but John Hartford tried." Hartford also provided narration for the Ken Burns' documentary series Baseball and The Civil War.

John Hartford

Hartford was given a star on the St. Louis Walk of Fame in honor of his work. He also was given a posthumous president's award by the Americana Music Association in September 2005. The annual John Hartford Memorial Festival is held at the Bill Monroe Music Park & Campground near Beanblossom, Indiana.

Works

Hartford recorded more than 30 albums, ranging across a broad spectrum of styles, from the traditional country of his early RCA recordings, to the new and experimental sound of his early newgrass recordings, to the traditional folk style to which he often returned later in his life. Hartford's albums also vary widely in formality, from the stately and orderly Annual Waltz to the rougher and less cut recordings that typified many of his later albums.

Aereo-Plain and Morning Bugle are often considered to be Hartford's most influential works, coming as they did at the beginning of a period in which artists such as Hartford and the New Grass Revival, led by Sam Bush, would create a new form of country music, blending their country backgrounds with influences from a number of other sources. His later years had a number of live albums, as well as recordings that explored the repertoire of old-time folk music. He sketched the cover art for some of his midcareer albums, drawing with both hands simultaneously.

In popular culture

His song "This Eve of Parting", from the 1968 album The Love Album, was featured in the 2017 movie Lady Bird, portions being heard at two different points in the film.





The John Hartford Fiddle Tune Project Vol 1

Artist Video "The John Hartford Fiddle Tune Project, Vol. 1", Stuffworks, 2020

Nashville guitarist Jordan Tice (of progressive stringband Hawktail) just got a Grammy nomination for Best Bluegrass Album for his work on The John Hartford Fiddle Tune Project, Volume 1. Pulling together unheard compositions from Hartford's pen intended as fiddle tunes, Jordan joined Hawktail band members Brittany Haas and Paul Kowert (of the Punch Brothers) plus banjo master Alison Brown and mandolinist Dominic Leslie to play guitar on two fiddle tunes: "Little Country Town", "Long White Road".

Jordan Tice

Jordan Tice "Motivational Speakeasy", Padiddle Records, 2020

Produced by Hartford-protege’ Matt Combs, with Katie Harford Hogue as executive producer, this album features music from Hartford’s personal composition journals, interpreted through the lens of some of today’s most beloved acoustic musicians. With everything from driving full-band arrangements to sentimental duets and parlor waltzes. Artists performing on the album: Matt Combs, Brittany Haas, Tim O’Brien, Megan Lynch Chowning, Kate Lee O’Connor, Forrest O’Connor, Sierra Hull, Mike Compton, Tristan Scroggins, Ronnie McCoury, Dominick Leslie, Jan Fabricius, Alison Brown, Shad Cobb, Noam Pikelny, Chris Eldridge, Chris Sharp, Jordan Tice, Mark Howard, Rachel Combs, Paul Kowert, Dennis Crouch, Mike Bub, Kristin Andreassen

Jordan Tice also released a solo album featuring original songs and tunes. Motivational Speakeasy is informed by everything from classical ragtime to psychedelic newgrass. Produced by close friend Kenneth Pattengale of The Milk Carton Kids, the focus of the recording was on showcasing his deep explorations into American fingerstyle guitar, nodding to purveyors such as Leo Kottke, John Fahey, Mississippi John Hurt, Norman Blake, and David Bromberg. Watch "Bad Little Idea", "Walking", "Stratford Waltz", "Bachelorette Party"!

John Hartford remains a touchstone for Tice, and you can hear much of his influence on the new album. “Artists like Hartford chose to look beyond the idiomatic elements of the music,” Tice explains, “and tap into where those things came from. They aligned themselves with the lineage and personalities behind the music. They learned from literal examples, but they were working more off abstractions that they absorbed into their own work, creating something entirely new.”

Jordan Tice is living in a Nashville that’s based more on the community roots of the music than on the glitz of country stars in secluded recording studios. He’s living in a Nashville that’s moved even beyond East Nashville’s underground Americana scene to a more free-wheeling house session community based in Madison. Late night cosmic Americana picking parties at Dee’s Country Cocktail Lounge, or back porch sessions within spitting distance of John Hartford’s cottage next to the lazy Cumberland River, it all lends a spontaneity to the music that’s based on the joy of invention and creativity and less on finger-busting virtuosity.





From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia [en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Hartford]. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License.

Date: October 2020.



Photo Credits: (1ff) John Hartford, (7) Infamous String Dusters, (8) Sam Bush, (9) Leftover Salmon, (10) Railroad Earth (12)-(13) Jordan Tice, (14) Brittany Haas (unknown/website).


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